7 Signs That Your Cat Might Be at Risk of Dementia

As cats age, their bodies and minds undergo changes that can affect their behavior and cognitive function. While feline dementia, also known as cognitive dysfunction syndrome (CDS), is not as widely recognized as it is in dogs, it can still impact a cat’s quality of life. This condition affects older cats, typically those over 10 years old, leading to confusion, disorientation, and changes in their daily habits.

If you’ve noticed unusual behavior in your senior cat, it could be a sign of cognitive decline. While some changes are part of natural aging, others may indicate a more serious problem. Here are seven signs that your cat might be at risk of dementia and what you can do to help.

1. Disorientation and Confusion

A cat experiencing cognitive decline may seem lost or confused in familiar surroundings. They might wander aimlessly, stare at walls, or get stuck in corners. Some cats even appear to forget the location of their food bowl, litter box, or favorite resting spot.

If your cat suddenly seems unsure of their environment, it’s important to provide a consistent routine and avoid rearranging furniture to help them navigate their space more easily.

2. Increased Vocalization

Loud, excessive meowing—especially at night—is a common symptom of feline dementia. Your cat may cry out as if they are distressed, confused, or searching for something. This can be a sign that they are feeling anxious or disoriented.

Creating a calm nighttime routine, using soft lighting, and providing comforting items like a heated bed can help reduce nighttime restlessness and vocalization.

3. Changes in Sleep Patterns

A cat suffering from dementia may sleep more during the day and become restless at night. Their internal clock can become disrupted, leading to reversed sleep-wake cycles. This can be frustrating for pet owners who are woken up by their cat’s nighttime activity.

Encouraging more activity during the day with gentle playtime or puzzle feeders can help regulate their sleep schedule.

4. Litter Box Issues

If your cat starts having accidents outside the litter box or seems to forget where it is, cognitive dysfunction could be to blame. They may struggle to remember the location or simply become disoriented on the way.

Keeping the litter box easily accessible and using multiple litter boxes in different locations can help prevent accidents. Using a box with low sides may also make it easier for an aging cat to enter and exit.

5. Decreased Interest in Social Interaction

Cats with dementia may show less interest in their owners or other pets. A once-affectionate cat may become withdrawn, hiding more often or avoiding interaction altogether. Some cats may even seem to forget their owners temporarily.

Providing gentle, predictable interactions and avoiding sudden changes in routine can help them feel more comfortable. If your cat tolerates it, soft petting or brushing may also be soothing.

6. Changes in Grooming Habits

A cat suffering from dementia may neglect their grooming, leading to a dull, matted coat. Conversely, some cats may start over-grooming out of confusion or anxiety, resulting in bald spots or irritated skin.

Regular brushing and gentle grooming can help keep their coat clean while also providing comfort and reassurance. If over-grooming occurs, a vet visit may be necessary to rule out skin conditions or anxiety-related issues.

7. Increased Anxiety or Irritability

A senior cat with dementia may become easily startled, anxious, or irritable. They may react negatively to normal household noises or become more aggressive when handled. This behavioral change often stems from confusion and an inability to process their surroundings as they once did.

Maintaining a quiet, stable environment and avoiding sudden movements or loud noises can help keep your cat feeling secure. Providing a safe, cozy space where they can retreat when feeling overwhelmed can also be beneficial.

How to Support a Cat with Dementia

If you suspect your cat is showing signs of cognitive dysfunction, a visit to the vet is essential. While there is no cure for feline dementia, certain steps can help slow its progression and improve your cat’s quality of life:

• Stick to a routine to provide stability and reduce confusion.

• Use nightlights to help with nighttime disorientation.

• Offer mental stimulation with interactive toys or food puzzles.

• Ensure a balanced diet with brain-supporting nutrients like omega-3 fatty acids.

• Provide extra patience and care as they navigate their cognitive changes.

Aging is a natural process, and cognitive decline can happen to many senior cats. Recognizing the early signs of dementia can help you make adjustments to keep your feline companion comfortable and happy in their golden years. With love, patience, and a few lifestyle changes, you can provide them with the best quality of life possible. If you notice any concerning behaviors, consulting with your veterinarian is always the best first step.